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Aggression may be defined as behavior meant to threaten or harm. However, it is important to recognize that aggressive behavior serves a normal communication function. This handout outlines why a pet may behave aggressively, types of aggression, how to read a pet's body language, and what you should do if you notice this behavior in your pet.
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Contenido en español actualizado.
Translated from the original English article Behavior Counseling: Aggression - Introduction -
Many behavioral concerns reflect normal behavior and can be resolved with simple training. Other behaviors reflect behavioral abnormalities or may have underlying medical or physical causes. A veterinary behaviorist is trained to assess and treat both normal and abnormal behaviors and can identify medical conditions that can affect behavior. An accurate assessment from the start can improve the outcome.
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There are many non-pharmaceutical products designed to improve a pet's behavior. There is little oversight for many of these products, and the label “natural” does not guarantee a product is safe to use in dogs and cats. Ask your veterinarian before using any over-the-counter product for your pet.
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Dogs and cats that experience frustration may exhibit displacement behaviors or may redirect aggression toward another target. Conflict can also trigger repetitive behaviors that appear to have no function, known as stereotypic behaviors. A compulsive disorder is diagnosed when a repetitive behavior occurs frequently enough to interfere with a pet's quality of life.
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Many behaviors are normal but problematic for a particular person or household. Some behaviors are not normal and may be unsafe for the pet or for others. The first step is to ask your veterinarian to examine your pet for signs of physical illness. Then, a behavior consultation can be scheduled to assess the behavior and design a treatment strategy.
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Several drugs are now used to help treat pet behavior problems. To determine whether drug therapy should be considered, it is essential to determine the cause of the behavior. Many dogs and cats can also benefit from medication that helps them learn more efficiently. It is important to have a behavioral and physical health assessment before giving medication.
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It is not unusual for behavioral problems to develop in older pets. Physical changes can exacerbate prior low-level behavioral conditions and illnesses. Age-related cognitive decline can directly contribute to new behavioral concerns. This handout discusses what to look for and what to discuss with your veterinarian.
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As pets age, they may lose some of their cognitive abilities. Age-related brain changes are not reversible, but there are medications, supplements, and environmental enrichment opportunities that may slow the decline. Underlying medical conditions should be treated to keep senior pets comfortable.
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Several products are available to help with behavior management in cats. Various products promote play and exercise, provide cognitive stimulation, allow safe outdoor exploration, and assist with anxiety or undesirable behavior (as part of your veterinarian's treatment program for these problems).